Gas-producer apparatus.



2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

, PATENTED MAY 23, 1905. G. ELLIS.

GAS PRODUCER APPARATUS. APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 27. 1905.

. g 8140mm;

No. 790,487. PATENTED MAY 23 1905.

C. ELLIS.

GA$ PRODUCER APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 27, 1905.

Ejvwamtoi UNITED STATES Patented May 23, 1905 PATENT OEEIcE. g

OARLETON ELLIS. OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO ELDREO PROCESS COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GAS-PRODUCER APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 790,487, dated May 23, 1905. Application filed January 27, 1905. Serial No. 242,873."

.110 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, (JARLETON ELLIS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Producer Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to gas-producer apparatus, and especially to those in which the products of combustion or a portion thereof ,from any convenient furnace yielding stackgases carrying an abundance of carbon di oxid is delivered to the producer and passed through the bed of fuel therein. I have discovered that these products, owing to the presence of carbonic acid, may be made the means of keeping down the temperature of the producer and avoiding the production of soot and slag or clinker in objectionable amounts. 1t iswell known that steam has heretofore been largely utilized for that purpose, and as it necessarily is used in large quantities it is open to serious objections, principally due to the imperfect decomposition which steam undergoes in passing through the fuel bed. Then, too, the steam is usually generated in steam-boilers located often at some distance from the producer plant, and the condensation which occurs in transmitting steam at high pressure to. the producer constitutes another loss. The fuel energy expended in generating the steam for operating the producer is entirely wasted, as the stack-gases from the furnace in which the producer-gas is burned invariably leave the furnace at a temperature above that at which the steam is generated,

-ments in apparatus for carrying into effect jurious action on the parts thereof.

the composite endothermic reactions above mentioned, and it also includes certainuseful arrangements of conduits, dampers, pipes, and mechanical draft-producing means, such as a fan, whereby aportion of the stack-gases may be diverted from their usual course into the producer and whereby protection may be afforded to the fan by the cooling action of a water jet or spray applied to the stack-gases before reaching the fan.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows a plan of a gas-producer and furnace. Fig. 2 is an elevation of a producer, fan, and fan connections. Fig. 3 is a section of aforesaid producer.

The same reference characters represent the same parts in all figures.

In the drawings, 1 is a producer having delivery-pipe 2 for the combustible gas and twyers 3, through which air, products of combustion, and steam, or any one or a combination of any two of these'elements, may be admitted to the bed of fuel. The twyers 3 have connection through piping L to the fan 5. This fan exhausts the stack-gases or a portion thereof from the stack 7 of furnace 6 through conduit 8. The fan has a valved admission for air at 9 to control the air-supply and a damper or gate 10 in the conduit 8 to regulate the amount of stack-gases introduced into the producer. A water-spray 11 is placed in conduit 8 in order that water-vapor may be supplied as desired to the producer 1. The temperature of the gases from the stack 7 is suflicient to convert the water, supplied throughjet 11 into vapor. This vaporization tends to cool the gases and make them better fitted to pass through the fan 5 without in- Steamjets 12 are also provided in the twyers 3 in order that a steam-blast may be produced whendesired. This is generally needed only when power supplying the fan gives out or when through breakage or other causes the fan cannot operate. The steam-jet may also be used in some cases when the stack-gases contain so little carbon dioXid that a proper regulation of'the temperature of the producer is not pos- In the upper part of the producer are sible.

thehoppers 13 for supplying fuel to the fire beneath. 14 is a water seal and pit from which the ashes may be removed.

My method of operation is as follows: A fire is started in producer and the fan started or the steam-jet 12 opened in order to create a blast through the producer. Fuel is added until a bed of fire of the necessary thickness to give combustible gas of the quality desired is secured. For bituminous coal a bed of fuel about thirty inchesin thickness should be carried. With anthracite coal the bed may be somewhat thinner. The combustible gas as evolved passes out through conduit 2. to the furnace, where it is to be utilized. Products of combustion are drawn back through conduit 8. If the temperature of these gases is so hot as to interfere with the operation of the fan, water should be admitted to conduit 8 through jet 11. Furthermore, if the gas from the stack 7 contains only a small amount of carbon dioxid it is desirable in order to operate the producer satisfactorily and avoid soot and clinker that water or steam be admitted either through jet 11 or through jets 12. The amount of carbon dioxid and of water or steam admitted in this manner to the producer is dependent upon the temperature to be maintained in the producer, and the methods of adjustment of the various devices by which the cooling action is secured will be evident to one skilled in the art to which this invention appertains. Anthracite and coke producers generally run hotter than those using bituminous coal, and for that reason more of the cooling agent is required in the former case.

I do not limit myself to the exact construction of apparatus herein described. Any form of gas-producer having a means for the withdrawal of the ash as a finely-divided unfused mass may be used without departingfrom the scope of this invention. Neither is it necessary to draw the products of combustion from any particular type of furnace, as these may be derived from any convenient source supplying the quality of gases desired.

I am aware of United States Patent No. 45,343, granted to Reese, which involves the production of combustible gas on a very high temperature plane, so that the mineral mat- I ter or ash of the fuel may be withdrawn from the apparatus in the form of molten slag. The gas generated by this apparatus is also .burned at the place of generation, thereby forming a flaming mass of fuel. I do not claim as my invention apparatus of this character, for my invention relates to the production of combustible gas at a seat of generation remote from the place of consumption and also to the production of the gas at a very low temperature and with insufficient oxygen to produce a flaming fuel bed. The apparatus is therefore designed to permit of the use of a bed of fuel of great depth, thereby allowing no free oxygen to pass through at the upper part of the bed of fuel. The gasproducing apparatus is also provided with a means for the removal of the ash in the form of a finely-divided and friable material. The exact form of gas-producer employed is not a material part of this invention, and the gasproducer herewith shown is of a form well known in the art.

What I claim is 1. A gas-producing apparatus consisting of a gas-prod ueer constructed to maintain a deep bed of fuel and having a means for the withdrawal of the ash in a finely-divided unfused condition and means for delivering the gas unburned to the place of consumption, a conduit connecting the gas producer with a source of products of a substantially complete combustion, a mechanical draftproducing means interposed in said conduit, means for admitting air to the producer-jets for supplying aqueous vapor to the gas-current entering the gas-producer and valves for regulating the amount of the endothermic medium supplied to said draft-current.

2. A gas-producing apparatus consisting of a gas-producer constructed to maintain a deep bed of fuel and provided with hoppers for the introduction of the fuel and means for the withdrawal of the ash in a finely-divided unfused condition, a conduit connecting the gasproducer with a source of products of combustion, means for supplying aqueous vapor to the gas-current entering said gas-producer, means for regulating the amount of the endothermic medium supplied to said draft-current, means for admitting air to said conduit and means for withdrawing the unburned combustible gas from the gas-producer.

3. A gas-producing apparatus comprising a gas-producer constructed to maintain a deep bed of fuel and having delivery-pipes for the combustible gas, feed apertures for the introduction of fuel, and water seal 14 for the withdrawal of the producer-ash in the form of a finely-divided unfused mass, a furnace 7 generating products of combustion, a conduit 8 having a fan 5 and an air-inlet, connecting furnace 7 with twyers 3, whereby products of combustion and air are supplied to the gasproducer, means for introducing steam into said gas-producer, and means for regulating the relative proportion of air, products of combustion and water-vapor entering the gasproducer.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 26th day of January, A. D. 1905.

UARLETON ELL] S.

Witnesses:

M. F. MANGELSDORFF, VVARREN E. DIXON. 

